Question Tag

April 03, 2020

CARA MEMBUAT QUESTION TAG




Question tag adalah pertanyaan singkat yang sering terdapat pada akhir sebuah kalimat dalam suatu kalimat. Dalam bahasa Indonesia, question tag bisa diartikan kan?/bukan?/ya?/ yuk?.

Beberapa ketentuan dalam membuat question tag, yaitu:

1. Jika kalimatnya positif, maka question tag-nya negatif.

Contoh:

Khadija is smart, isn’t she?

Yusuf and Aziz are making a bowl of noodle, aren’t they?



Catatan: Jika question tag-nya negatif, maka not harus disingkat.

Contohnya : isn’t he? bukan is not he?

2. Jika kalimatnya berupa larangan atau perintah, gunakan will you untuk question tag-nya.

Contoh:

Don’t be noisy, will you?

Don’t make me upset, will you?

3. Jika kalimatnya negatif, maka question tag-nya positif.

Contoh:

Labuda is not beautiful, is she?

Yusuf and Aziz are not making a bowl of noodle, are they?

4. Jika kalimatnya menggunakan kata kerja (verb), maka gunakan do/does atau did.

Contoh:

Sally buys Amanda Cakes in Bandung, doesn’t she?

Ali found the key on that desk, didn’t he?

5. Jika subjeknya I am, maka question tag-nya aren’t I. Namun, bila subjeknya I am not, maka question tag-nya am I.

Contoh:

I am not rude, am I?

I am diligent, aren’t I?



6. Jika kalimatnya menggunakan modals, maka gunakan modals untuk question tag-nya. Khusus untuk modals have to, gunakan kata bantu do untuk question tag-nya.

Contoh:

Sally will be come back soon, won’t she?

Amin can’t drive a car, can he?

They have do their assignment now, don’t they?

7. Jika subjeknya somebody, everyone, someone, everybody, no one dan nobody, maka gunakan they dalam question tag.

Contoh:

Everybody went to the restaurant, didn’t they?

Somebody brought the pizza to my room last week, didn’t they?

8. Jika kalimatnya mengandung sebuah kata dengan arti negatif, contohnya nobody, hardly no one, rarely nothing, seldom, barely maka gunakan question tag positif.

Contoh:

No one come to my house, do they?

She never seems to care, does she?

9. Jika subjeknya something, everything, dan nothing, maka gunakan it dalam question tag.

Contoh:

Something is moving, isn’t it?

Everything should be ready, shouldn’t it?

10. Jika kalimatnya dimulai dengan let’s, maka question tag-nya adalah shall we.

Contoh:

Let’s forget it, shall we?

Let’s draw the good picture here, shall we?

KETIKA NABI MUSA SAKIT GIGI

Ketika Nabi Musa Sakit Gigi

Dikisahkan bahwa Nabi Musa AS pernah sakit gigi. Beliau AS mengadukan rasa sakitnya kepada Allah SWT.

Lalu Allah SWT memerintahkan Nabi Musa untuk mengambil sejenis rumput di tempat yang telah ditentukan untuk diletakan di atas giginya yang sakit.

Nabi Musa AS melaksanakan apa yang diperintahkan, dan rasa sakitnya pun hilang seketika.

###

Suatu hari sakit gigi Nabi Musa AS kambuh. Tanpa pikir panjang, Nabi Musa langsung mengambil rumput yang dahulu pernah dikabarkan oleh Allah SWT.

Akan tetapi sakit gigi Nabi Musa malah bertambah parah.

Maka Nabi Musa pun mengadu kepada Allah SWT dan memohon pertolongan-Nya:

“Wahai Tuhan-ku, bukankah Engkau pernah memberitahukanku untuk berobat dengan rumput itu? Mengapa sekarang rumput itu tidak dapat menyembuhkanku?”

Allah SWT mendengar aduan Nabi Musa. Allah berfirman, “Wahai Musa, Akulah yang memberi kesembuhan, memberi kesehatan, memberi manfaat dan memberi malapetaka. "

"Dahulu ketika engkau sakit, engkau langsung mengingat-Ku dan meminta tolong kepada-KU maka Aku hilangkan penyakitmu."

" Namun kini, ketika engkau sakit, engkau tidak segera berharap kepada-Ku,  engkau berharap dan meminta pertolongan kepada rumput itu, maka Aku pun tidak menghendaki rumput itu bermanfaat untuk gigimu“.

***

Dari kisah ini, kita dapat analogikan bahwa jika kita sakit, bukan obat yang menyembuhkan, melainkan Allah.

Bahwa segala kebaikan, keburukan, manfaat dan bahaya, itu semua ada dalam kekuasaan Allah SWT.

Maka sepatutnya kita sebagai hamba Allah untuk tidak bergantung kepada siapa pun selain Allah SWT, tidak berharap dan takut kepada siapa pun kecuali Allah SWT.

Sumber:  Kitab Kifaayatul Awwam.

Semoga berbekam bisa menjadi wasilah pengobatan buat sahabatku yang sedang membutuhkan. Aamiin.

Butuh tukang bekam ikhwan?
Chat 0812-9104-2989 ya

LDKS Manunggal Sesi II

Materi Bela Negara 

Materi Bela Negara 

Materi Bela Negara 

LDKS Manunggal Sesi I

The teachers...

Jenis Text

CIRI DAN CONTOH JENIS TEKS
Teks mewujudkan wacana. Berdasarkan tujuan komunikatif yang hendak dicapai, teks dikelompokkan ke dalam berbagai jenis. Untuk mencapai tujuan komunikatif tersebut, teks disusun dengan struktur tertentu dan direalisasikan dengan ciri-ciri bahasa tertentu.
Perlu dicatat bahwa struktur sebuah jenis teks tidak selalu sama, melainkan sedikit bervariasi. Akan tetapi, biasanya sebuah jenis teks memiliki unsur minimal dalam strukturnya. Misalnya, sebuah resep paling tidak memiliki unsur ‘bahan’ dan ‘cara membuat’. Terkadang ada unsur tambahan, misalnya, ‘cara menyajikan’, tetapi ini tidak harus ada. Adanya unsur minimal, dan unsur tambahan terjadi juga dalam jenis teks lainnya.
Di bawah ini disajikan berbagai jenis teks dan contohnya sebagaimana yang dikehendaki dalam kurikulum.
Jenis Teks: Recount (Laporan peristiwa atau kegiatan yang terjadi di masa lampau)
1.  Ciri Umum
(a) Tujuan Komunikatif Teks:
Melaporkan peristiwa, kejadian atau kegiatan dengan tujuan memberitakan atau menghibur.
(b) Struktur Teks:
*  Pendahuluan (orientasi), yaitu memberikan informasi tentang apa, siapa, di mana dan kapan;
*  Laporan (rentetan) peristiwa, kegiatan yang terjadi, yang biasanya disampaikan secara berurut;
*  Komentar pribadi dan/atau ungkapan penilaian (jika ada);
* Penutup (re-orientasi) yang merangkum rentetan peristiwa, kejadian atau kegiatan (jika ada)
(c) Ciri Kebahasaan:
Menggunakan:
*  nouns dan pronouns sebagai kata ganti orang, hewan atau benda yang terlibat, misalnya David, the monkey, we dsb.
* action verbs atau kata kerja tindakan, misalnya go, sleep, run dsb.
*  past tense, misalnya We went to the zoo; She was happy dsb.
* conjunctions dan time connectives yang mengurutkan peristiwa, kejadian atau kegiatan, misalnya and, but, then, after that, dsb.
*  adverbs dan adverb phrases untuk mengungkap tempat, waktu dan cara, misalnya yesterday, at my house, slowly dsb.
*  adjectives untuk menerangkan nouns, misalnya beautiful, funny, dsb.
2. Contoh dan Struktur Teks:
 
Pendahuluan

Going to Restaurant

Last night we went to a restaurant with my family.
It was my dad’s birthday.
Kegiatan
We ate a pizza and salad then ate some ice cream with chocolate topping.
Penutup
After dinner at the restaurant we went home
 
Jenis Teks: Narrative (Naratif, dongeng)
1. Ciri Umum:
(a) Tujuan Komunikatif Teks:
Menghibur pendengar atau pembaca dengan pengalaman nyata atau khayal. Ciri naratif adalah adanya unsur konflik (masalah) dan resolusi (penyelesaian masalah). Jumlah masalah atau penyelesaiannya mungkin hanya satu, mungkin juga lebih.
(b) Struktur Teks:
* Pengenalan latar: tokoh, waktu, dan tempat:
* Pengembangan konflik;
* Penyelesaian konflik;
*  Koda: perubahan yang terjadi pada tokoh atau pelajaran yang dapat dipetik dari cerita.
(c)  Ciri Kebahasaan:
Menggunakan
* nouns tertentu sebagai kata ganti orang, hewan dan benda tertentu dalam cerita, misalnya, stepsisters, housework, dsb.
* adjectives yang membentuk noun phrase, misalnya, long black hair, two red apples, dsb.
* time connectives dan conjunctions untuk mengurutkan kejadian-kejadian, misalnya then, before that, soon, dsb.
* adverbs dan adverbial phrases untuk menunjukkan lokasi kejadian atau peristiwa, misalnya here, in the mountain, happily ever after,dsb.
* action verbs dalam past tense; stayed, climbed, dsb.
*  saying verbs yang menandai ucapan seperti: said, told, promised, dan thinking verbs yang menandai pikiran, persepsi atau perasaan tokoh dalam cerita, misalnya  thought, understood, felt, dsb.
2. Contoh dan Struktur Teks:


Cinderella

Pengenalan tokoh
Pengembangan konflik
Penyelesaian konflik
Once upon a time there was a beautiful girl called Cinderella. She lived with her stepsisters and her stepmother. They were very bossy. She had to do all the housework.
One day an invitation to the ball came to the family. Her stepsisters would no let her go, so Cinderella was very sad. The stepsisters went to the ball without her.
Fortunately, the fairy Godmother came and helped her to get to the ball. At the ball, Cinderella danced with the prince. The prince fell in love with her and then he married her. They lived happily ever after.
  Jenis Teks: Description (Deskripsi)
1. Ciri Umum:
(a)  Tujuan Komunikatif Teks:
Mendeskripsikan ciri-ciri seseorang, benda atau tempat tertentu.
(b) Struktur Teks:
* Pengenalan benda, orang atau sesuatu yang akan dideskripsikan.
* Deskripsi: menggambarkan ciri-ciri benda tersebut,misalnya berasal dari mana, warnanya, ukurannya, kesukaannya dsb. Deskripsi ini hanya memberikan informasi mengenai benda atau orang tertentu yang sedang dibahas saja, misalnya deskripsi tentang ‘My Dog’. Ciri-ciri ‘anjing saya’ tersebut dapat berbeda dengan anjing yang lain.
(c) Ciri Kebahasaan:
Menggunakan:
 nouns tertentu, misalnya teacher, house,my cat, dsb.
* simple present tense.
 detailed noun phrase untuk memberikan informasi tentang subjek, misalnya It was a large open rowboat, a sweet young lady, dsb.
 berbagai macam adjectives, yang bersifat describing, numbering, classifying, misalnya, two strong legs, sharp white fangs, dsb.
 relating verbs untuk memberikan informasi tentang subjek, misalnya, My mum is realy cool, It has very thick fur, dsb.
 thinking verbs dan feeling verbs untuk mengungkapkan pandangan pribadi penulis tentang subjek, misalnya Police believe the suspect is armed, I think it is a clever animal, dsb.
 action verbs, misalnya Our new puppy bites our shoes, dsb.
  abverbials untuk memberikan informasi tambahan tentang perilaku tersebut, misalnya fast, at the tree house, dsb.
  bahasa figurative, seperti simile, metafor, misalnya John is white as chalk, sat tight, dsb.
2. Contoh dan Struktur Teks:

Pengenalan benda yang dideskripsikan
Deskripsi
My Pet
I have a pet. It is a dog, and I call it Brownie.

Brownie is a Chinese breed. It is small, fluffy, and cute. It has got thick brown fur. When I cuddle it, the fur feels soft. Brownie does not like bones. Every day it eats soft food like steamed rice, fish or bread. Every morning I give her milk and bread. When I am at school, Brownie plays with my cat. They get a long well, and never fight maybe because Brownies dos not bark a lot. It treats the other animals in our house gently, and it never eats shoes. Brownie is really a sweet and friendly animal.
  Jenis Teks: Procedure (Prosedur)
1. Ciri Umum:
(a) Tujuan Komunikatif Teks:
Memberi petunjuk cara melakukan sesuatu melalui serangkaian tindakan atau langkah.
(b) Struktur Teks:
 Tujuan kegiatan atau judul;
 Bahan-bahan;
 Langkah-langkah.
(c) Ciri Kebahasaan:
Menggunakan:
 pola kalimat imperative, misalnya, Cut, Don’t mix, dsb.
* action verbs, misalnya turn, put, don’t, mix, dsb.
  connectives untuk mengurutkan kegiatan, misalnya then, while, dsb.
 adverbials untuk menyatakan rinci waktu, tempat, cara yang akurat, misalnya for five minutes, 2 centimetres from the top, dsb.
2. Contoh dan Struktur Teks:

Tujuan

To find things that dissolve in water

Bahan
Cara dan langkah-langkah (metode)
Materials
Essence
Jelly crystals
Sand
Sugar
Salt
Water
Cups
Drink bottle
Method
Put some of each material in a cup
Add the material to a cup of water
Watch carefully what happens.

Jenis Teks: Anecdote (Cerita Lucu)
1. Ciri Umum:
(a) Tujuan Komunikatif Teks:
Menceritakan insiden seperti peristiwa lucu atau tidak lazim baik berdasarkan khayalan atau kejadian nyata yang bertujuan menghibur.
(b) Struktur Teks:
 Pengantar;
* Orientasi
 Krisis;
 Tindakan / reaksi;
 Koda.
(c) Ciri Kebahasaan:
Menggunakan:
 seruan/kata seru, pertanyaan retorik dan kata-kata seperti Listen to this! And do you know what? It’s awful, isn’t it? dsb.
 action verbs, misalnya go, write, dsb.
 conjunctions yang berhubungan dengan waktu, seperti then, afterwards, dsb.
 verbs bentuk Past Tense.
2. Contoh dan Struktur Teks:


 No Complaint!
 Pengantar/ ringkasan
Orientasi



Crisis

Tindakan / reaksi


Koda

Filling out forms can be a tricky job for some people.

At the doctor’s office where I worked, every patient had to fill out a form. In the form there was a section for health complaints. Patients filled this section with information such as “headache with temperature” or “cannot sleep well at night” and so on.


When I checked a patient’s form that day, I noticed that she wrote “none” under the health complaints section.

So, I asked about that. And, do you know what she said? The patient replied, “I have been here only five minutes. So far, everything is just fine.”

I had never heard such an answer before!.
(Diadaptasi dari Readers’ Digest, Mei, 1988)

Jenis Teks: Report (Laporan hasil pengamatan)
1. Ciri Umum:
(a) Tujuan Komunikatif Teks:
Menyampaikan informasi tentang sesuatu, apa adanya, sebagai hasil pengamatan sistematis atau analisis. Yang dideskripsikan dapat meliputi gajala alam, lingkungan, benda buatan manusia, atau gejala-gejala sosial. Deskripsi sebuah teks report dapat berupa simpulan umum, misalnya, ikan paus termasuk binatang mamalia karena ikan tersebut melahirkan anaknya. Untuk membuat laporan semacam ini, siswa perlu mengamati dan membandingkan ikan paus dengan binatang lainnya yang memiliki ciri-ciri yang sama.
Siswa dapat mencoba membuat teks laporan tentang, misalnya, rumah sangat sederhana, warung tegal, sekolah, rumah sakit dsb. dengan mendekripsikan ciri-ciri subyek tersebut sehingga disebut rumah sederhana, dsb.
(b) Struktur Teks:
 Pernyataan umum yang menerangkan subjek laporan, keterangan, dan klasifikasinya.
 Deskripsi
(c) Ciri Kebahasaan:
Menggunakan:
 general nouns, seperti ‘Reptiles in Comodo Insland’.
 relating verbs untuk menjelaskan ciri, misalnya reptiles are scaly animals (ciri ini berlaku untuk semua reptilia).
 action verbs dalam mejelaskan perilaku, misalnya lizards cannot fly.
 present tense untuk menyatakan suatu yang umum, misalnya Komodo dragons usually weight more than 160 kg.
 istilah teknis, misalnya water contains oxygen and hydrogen.
 paragraf dengan topik sentence untuk menyusun sejumlah informasi.
2. Contoh dan Struktur Teks:
 
 Cheetahs
Pernyataan umum
Cheetahs are big cats.

Deskripsi



Catatan:
Teks ini termasuk report karena, berdasarkan pengamatan, semua citah memiliki ciri-ciri tersebut.
They run fast.
They have sharp teeth.
They have black spots.
They have furry skin.


  Jenis Teks: Spoof (Teks ini sama dengan recount, tetapi bagian akhirnya lucu)
1. Ciri Umum:
(a) Tujuan Komunikatif Teks:
Menceritakan kejadian nyata yang pernah dialami, dengan akhir ceritera yang tidak lazim (lucu) yang disebut twist. Tujuan teks ini adalah berbagi ceritera yang  menghibur.
(b) Struktur Teks:
 Pembuka;
 Kejadian/peristiwa/kegiatan;
 Twist (akhir yang tak terduga atau lucu).
(c) Ciri Kebahasaan:
 Terfokus pada orang, binatang, benda tertentu;
Menggunakan:
 action verbs, misalnya ate, ran,dsb.
 keterangan waktu dan tempat;
 past tense.
 Diceriterakan menurut urutan kejadian.
Contoh dan Struktur Teks:


Do You Speak English?
Pembuka
Kejadian
Twist

I had an amusing experience last year.
After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town. On the way, a young man waved to me. I stopped and he asked me for a lift. As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language. Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all. Neither of us spoke during the journey.
I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, ‘Do you speak English?’ As I soon learnt, he was English himself!.

1 Board of Studies NSW, 1998, English K-6: Modules, Board of Studies NSW, Sydney NSW 2001, Australia, p. 31.
2 Board of Studies NSW, 1998, English K-6: Modules, Board of Studies NSW, Sydney NSW 2001, Australia, p. 118.
3Board of Studies NSW, 1998, English K-6: Modules, Board of Studies NSW, Sydney NSW 2001, Australia, p. 127.
4 Susan Curry, May, 1988. Readers’ Digest, p. 49.
5Board of Studies NSW, 1998, English K-6: Modules, Board of Studies NSW, Sydney NSW 2001, Australia, p. 56.
6 L.G. Alexander (1979), Practice and Profress, Jogjakarta: Penerbit Kanisius, p. 39.

English Tenses

TUGAS X SMK MANUNGGAL SENIN 1 OKTOBER 2018

Bacalah teks dibawah ini lalu jawablah pertanyaan dibawahnya dengan memilih jawaban yang benar apakah a, b, c, atau d!

TULISLAH SOAL DAN JAWABANNYA DI BUKUMU LALU DIKUMPULKAN!

The black holes

   How many things can you see in the night sky? A lot! On a clear night you might see the Moon, some planets, and thousands of sparkling stars.

You can see even more with a telescope. You might see stars where before you only saw dark space. You might see that many stars look larger than others. You might see that some stars that look white are really red or blue. With bigger and bigger telescopes you can see more and more objects in the sky. And you can see those objects in more and more detail.

But scientists believe there are some things in the sky that we will never see. We won't see them with the biggest telescope in the world, on the clearest night of the year.

That's because they're invisible. They're the mysterious dead stars called black holes.

You might find it hard to imagine that stars die. After all, our Sun is a star. Year after year we see it up in the sky, burning brightly, giving us heat and light. The Sun certainly doesn't seem to be getting old or weak. But stars do burn out and die after billions of years.

As a star's gases burn, they give off light and heat. But when the gas runs out, the star stops burning and begins to die.

As the star cools, the outer layers of the star pull in toward the center. The star squashes into a smaller and smaller ball. If the star was very small, the star ends up as a cold, dark ball called a black dwarf. If the star was very big, it keeps squashing inward until it's packed together tighter than anything in the universe.

Imagine if the Earth were crushed until it was the size of a tiny marble. That's how tightly this dead star, a black hole, is packed. What pulls the star in toward its center with such power? It's the same force that pulls you down when you jump — the force called gravity. A black hole is so tightly packed that its gravity sucks in everything — even light. The light from a black hole can never come back to your eyes. That's why you see nothing but blackness.

So the next time you stare up at the night sky, remember: there's more in the sky than meets the eye! Scattered in the silent darkness are black holes — the great mystery of space.


1 According to the article, what causes a star to die?

    a. As its gases run out, it cools down.
    b.  It collides with other stars.
    c. It can only live for about a million years.
    d. As it gets hotter and hotter, it explodes.

      Read this sentence from the story.
      They're the mysterious dead stars called black holes.

2. What is a synonym for the word mysterious?

   a.  ordinary
    b. bright
   c.  strange
    d. common


 3. In what ways is our Sun the same as other stars? How is it different from a dead star?
     
Use details from the article to support your answer.  Enter a short answer in the box, approximately 8 lines.
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4. Which of the following statements is NOT a fact?

    a.  Black holes are dead stars.
    b. Black holes have gravity.
   c.  Black holes are invisible.
    d. There is nothing as mysterious as a black hole.

5. What happens AFTER a star dies?

   a.   It becomes invisible.
    b. It falls to Earth.
    c. It burns up all of its gases.
   d.  It becomes brighter and easier to see.


6. What might happen to our Sun billions of years from now?

      Describe the process using details from the article.

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7. Why can't you see light when you look at a black hole?

    a.  because most black holes are so far away
   b.  because the gravity of a black hole is so strong that it sucks  the light inward
    c. because as the star's gases burn, it stops giving off heat and light
   d.  because as a star cools, its outer layers pull in toward its center

8.  Read this sentence from the story.
      The Sun certainly doesn't seem to be getting old or weak.
      What is an antonym for the word weak?

  a.  thin
  b.  tired
   c. strong
   d. big

Greeting and Introduction For Business

GREETINGS AND INTRODUCTIONS


Greetings


Hello, .../ Hi, ...
Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.
Good/ Nice to see you again.
I’m glad/ happy/ pleased to see you.


How are you?        -  Fine, thanks. And you?
How have you been?    -  Very well. And you?
How are things?        -  Not too bad, thanks.
How is your girlfriend?    -  She’s fine.

Introductions

Introducing oneself

Can/ May I introduce myself? My name’s Peter.
Let me introduce myself. My name’s ... .
I’d like to introduce myself. I’m ... .
I don’t think we’ve met. I’m ... .


Introducing someone else

Can/ May I introduce a good friend of mine? This is ... .
Have you met ... ? I’d like you to meet ... .
I want you to meet ... .

Making contact

Excuse me, are you Mrs ... ?    - Yes, that’s right.
Hello, you must be Mrs ... .
You are Mr ..., aren’t you?
Have we met?

Good-byes

Good bye/ Bye/ I’ll say good bye/ See you later/ See you soon.
I must go now.
I (really) must be going.

I must be off.

I’m afraid I’ve got to go.

It’s getting (very/ rather) late.

I’ll miss my train.

They’re calling my flight.

I’ve got some things to prepare for ... .

I’ve got a lot to do this afternoon.

I want to get away before the traffic gets too bad.

I’ve enjoyed talking to you.

It’s been (most) interesting talking to you.

It’s been a very useful meeting/ nice afternoon.

Thanks for everything.

Thank you for (all) your help.

Thank you for coming.

Have a good/ safe trip/ flight.        - Thank you ... (same to you).
Have a good weekend.            - Same to you.
Enjoy the rest of your stay.        - Same to you.


It was nice meeting you.- I really enjoyed meeting you, too.
I hope to see you again. - I hope so, too.
See you on the 13th. - See you

 I look forward to our next meeting.
I look forward to seeing you again.
I look forward to seeing you when you’re next in Jakarta.